All case studies
Robotics · Computer Vision

AI Grand Prix Autonomy Stack

A full autonomous drone-racing stack for the AI Grand Prix VQ1 competition: classical computer vision gate detection, a finite-state mission controller, and real-time MAVLink setpoint control.

Year
2026
Tech Stack
Python 3.14pymavlinkOpenCVNumPyClassical CVFinite State Machines
The Problem

What we set out to solve.

Autonomous drone racing requires sub-second perception, decision, and control loops on commodity hardware — without GPS, without external cues, and without compute-heavy deep learning. Every gram of CPU spent on inference is speed lost on the track.

Our Approach

How we built it.

01

HSV gate detection

Gates are detected with a tuned HSV threshold pipeline and circular contour fit — fast, deterministic, and explainable. No model weights, no GPU; the entire perception path runs in tens of milliseconds on the onboard processor.

02

FSM mission controller

A finite state machine sequences flight: INIT → ARM_HOVER → SEEK_GATE → APPROACH → THROUGH. State transitions key off gate confidence and pose error, giving predictable, debuggable behavior at race speed.

03

MAVLink control loop

Position and velocity setpoints stream over MAVLink via pymavlink at the flight controller’s native rate. A tuning sweep across PID and lookahead parameters shaved 55 seconds off the lap time on the simulated course.

Results

The numbers.

31%
Lap time improvement
176.8s → 121.5s
Lap time (sim)
< 30 ms
Perception latency
Outcome

What it changed.

A racing autonomy stack that proves you do not need deep learning for every robotics problem. Classical CV plus disciplined control engineering delivers competitive performance — with a fraction of the compute and none of the model-drift risk.